Compare Trial Types

The following example shows how to access behavioral and neural data for a given recording session and create plots for different trial types

Make sure that you have the AllenSDK installed in your environment

Imports

import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

%matplotlib notebook
%matplotlib inline

# Import allenSDK and check the version, which should be >2.10.2
import allensdk
allensdk.__version__

'2.16.2'

# import the behavior ophys project cache class from SDK to be able to load the data
from allensdk.brain_observatory.behavior.behavior_project_cache import VisualBehaviorOphysProjectCache

/opt/envs/allensdk/lib/python3.10/site-packages/tqdm/auto.py:21: TqdmWarning: IProgress not found. Please update jupyter and ipywidgets. See https://ipywidgets.readthedocs.io/en/stable/user_install.html
  from .autonotebook import tqdm as notebook_tqdm

Load the cache and get data for one experiment

# Set the path to the dataset
cache_dir = '/root/capsule/data/'

# If you are working with data in the cloud in Code Ocean,
# or if you have already downloaded the full dataset to your local machine,
# you can instantiate a local cache
# cache = VisualBehaviorOphysProjectCache.from_local_cache(cache_dir=cache_dir, use_static_cache=True)

# If you are working with the data locally for the first time, you need to instantiate the cache from S3:
cache = VisualBehaviorOphysProjectCache.from_local_cache(cache_dir=cache_dir, use_static_cache=True)
#cache = VisualBehaviorOphysProjectCache.from_s3_cache(cache_dir=cache_dir)

/opt/envs/allensdk/lib/python3.10/site-packages/allensdk/brain_observatory/behavior/behavior_project_cache/behavior_project_cache.py:135: UpdatedStimulusPresentationTableWarning: 
	As of AllenSDK version 2.16.0, the latest Visual Behavior Ophys data has been significantly updated from previous releases. Specifically the user will need to update all processing of the stimulus_presentations tables. These tables now include multiple stimulus types delineated by the columns `stimulus_block` and `stimulus_block_name`.

The data that was available in previous releases are stored in the block name containing 'change_detection' and can be accessed in the pandas table by using: 
	`stimulus_presentations[stimulus_presentations.stimulus_block_name.str.contains('change_detection')]`
  warnings.warn(

ophys_experiment_table = cache.get_ophys_experiment_table()

Look at a sample of the experiment table

ophys_experiment_table.sample(5)

	behavior_session_id	ophys_session_id	ophys_container_id	mouse_id	indicator	full_genotype	driver_line	cre_line	reporter_line	sex	...	passive	experience_level	prior_exposures_to_session_type	prior_exposures_to_image_set	prior_exposures_to_omissions	date_of_acquisition	equipment_name	published_at	isi_experiment_id	file_id
ophys_experiment_id
992084627	991992557	991958444	1018027778	485152	GCaMP6f	Slc17a7-IRES2-Cre/wt;Camk2a-tTA/wt;Ai93(TITL-G...	[Slc17a7-IRES2-Cre, Camk2a-tTA]	Slc17a7-IRES2-Cre	Ai93(TITL-GCaMP6f)	M	...	False	Familiar	0	28	0	2019-12-03 11:47:46.103000+00:00	MESO.1	2021-03-25	949762677	1077
977247476	976558967	976382032	1018028215	482853	GCaMP6f	Sst-IRES-Cre/wt;Ai148(TIT2L-GC6f-ICL-tTA2)/wt	[Sst-IRES-Cre]	Sst-IRES-Cre	Ai148(TIT2L-GC6f-ICL-tTA2)	M	...	True	Familiar	0	27	2	2019-11-05 08:53:47.241000+00:00	MESO.1	2021-03-25	937755139	1465
969841037	969623770	969477369	1018028021	477052	GCaMP6f	Slc17a7-IRES2-Cre/wt;Camk2a-tTA/wt;Ai93(TITL-G...	[Slc17a7-IRES2-Cre, Camk2a-tTA]	Slc17a7-IRES2-Cre	Ai93(TITL-GCaMP6f)	M	...	False	Novel >1	0	3	6	2019-10-17 14:59:42.873000+00:00	MESO.1	2021-08-12	922677831	621
1089128033	1089052619	1089037437	1086191447	550603	GCaMP6f	Vip-IRES-Cre/wt;Ai148(TIT2L-GC6f-ICL-tTA2)/wt	[Vip-IRES-Cre]	Vip-IRES-Cre	Ai148(TIT2L-GC6f-ICL-tTA2)	F	...	False	Novel 1	0	0	6	2021-03-09 12:58:32.070000+00:00	MESO.1	2021-08-12	1064781085	1757
939471248	938991494	938898514	1018028396	453989	GCaMP6f	Vip-IRES-Cre/wt;Ai148(TIT2L-GC6f-ICL-tTA2)/wt	[Vip-IRES-Cre]	Vip-IRES-Cre	Ai148(TIT2L-GC6f-ICL-tTA2)	M	...	True	Familiar	0	52	1	2019-09-04 15:32:34.106000+00:00	MESO.1	2021-03-25	848540715	1847

5 rows × 30 columns

Here are all of the unique session types

np.sort(ophys_experiment_table['session_type'].unique())

array(['OPHYS_1_images_A', 'OPHYS_1_images_B', 'OPHYS_1_images_G',
       'OPHYS_2_images_A_passive', 'OPHYS_2_images_B_passive',
       'OPHYS_2_images_G_passive', 'OPHYS_3_images_A', 'OPHYS_3_images_B',
       'OPHYS_3_images_G', 'OPHYS_4_images_A', 'OPHYS_4_images_B',
       'OPHYS_4_images_H', 'OPHYS_5_images_A_passive',
       'OPHYS_5_images_B_passive', 'OPHYS_5_images_H_passive',
       'OPHYS_6_images_A', 'OPHYS_6_images_B', 'OPHYS_6_images_H'],
      dtype=object)

Select an OPHYS_1_images_A experiment, load the experiment data

experiment_id = ophys_experiment_table.query('session_type == "OPHYS_1_images_A"').sample(random_state=10).index[0]
print('getting experiment data for experiment_id {}'.format(experiment_id))
ophys_experiment = cache.get_behavior_ophys_experiment(experiment_id)

getting experiment data for experiment_id 1085840400

/opt/envs/allensdk/lib/python3.10/site-packages/hdmf/utils.py:668: UserWarning: Ignoring cached namespace 'core' version 2.6.0-alpha because version 2.7.0 is already loaded.
  return func(args[0], **pargs)

Look at task performance data

We can see that the d-prime metric, a measure of discrimination performance, peaked at 2.14 during this session, indicating mid-range performance.
(d’ = 0 means no discrimination performance, d’ is infinite for perfect performance, but is limited to about 4.5 this dataset due to trial count limitations).

ophys_experiment.get_performance_metrics()

{'trial_count': 454,
 'go_trial_count': 334,
 'catch_trial_count': 48,
 'hit_trial_count': 33,
 'miss_trial_count': 301,
 'false_alarm_trial_count': 1,
 'correct_reject_trial_count': 47,
 'auto_reward_count': 5,
 'earned_reward_count': 33,
 'total_reward_count': 38,
 'total_reward_volume': 0.256,
 'maximum_reward_rate': 2.860105184605357,
 'engaged_trial_count': 68,
 'mean_hit_rate': 0.12196894640281876,
 'mean_hit_rate_uncorrected': 0.1148300747554362,
 'mean_hit_rate_engaged': 0.2722870777110328,
 'mean_false_alarm_rate': 0.07059889644968179,
 'mean_false_alarm_rate_uncorrected': 0.020957227763510482,
 'mean_false_alarm_rate_engaged': 0.05736544779097969,
 'mean_dprime': 0.019241657181077048,
 'mean_dprime_engaged': 0.9736703202887197,
 'max_dprime': 1.321681073934908,
 'max_dprime_engaged': 1.3119564166604674}

We can build a trial dataframe that tells us about behavior events on every trial. This can be merged with a rolling performance dataframe, which calculates behavioral performance metrics over a rolling window of 100 trials (excluding aborted trials, or trials where the animal licks prematurely).

trials_df = ophys_experiment.trials.merge(
    ophys_experiment.get_rolling_performance_df().fillna(method='ffill'), # performance data is NaN on aborted trials. Fill forward to populate.
    left_index = True,
    right_index = True
)

trials_df.head()

	start_time	stop_time	initial_image_name	change_image_name	is_change	change_time	go	catch	lick_times	response_time	...	aborted	auto_rewarded	change_frame	trial_length	reward_rate	hit_rate_raw	hit_rate	false_alarm_rate_raw	false_alarm_rate	rolling_dprime
trials_id
0	308.98272	316.25530	im065	im077	True	312.021593	False	False	[312.48555, 312.73578, 312.90259, 313.05271, 3...	312.48555	...	False	True	18166	7.27258	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN
1	316.48885	316.85579	im077	im077	False	NaN	False	False	[316.5389]	NaN	...	True	False	-99	0.36694	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN
2	317.23947	318.17356	im077	im077	False	NaN	False	False	[317.87332]	NaN	...	True	False	-99	0.93409	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN
3	318.74067	328.26515	im077	im061	True	324.031413	False	False	[324.42868, 324.56211, 324.69556, 324.84573, 3...	324.42868	...	False	True	18886	9.52448	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN
4	328.49870	337.30587	im061	im077	True	333.055463	False	False	[333.48607, 333.73628, 333.90307, 334.05318, 3...	333.48607	...	False	True	19427	8.80717	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN

5 rows × 27 columns

Now we can plot performance over the full experiment duration

fig, ax = plt.subplots(2, 1, figsize = (15,5), sharex=True)

ax[0].plot(trials_df['start_time']/60., trials_df['hit_rate'], color='darkgreen')

ax[0].plot(trials_df['start_time']/60., trials_df['false_alarm_rate'], color='darkred')

ax[0].legend(['rolling hit rate', 'rolling false alarm rate'])

ax[1].plot(trials_df['start_time']/60., trials_df['rolling_dprime'], color='black')

ax[1].set_xlabel('trial start time (minutes)')
ax[0].set_ylabel('response rate')
ax[0].set_title('hit and false alarm rates')
ax[1].set_title("d'")

fig.tight_layout()

Some key observations:

• The hit rate remains high for the first ~46 minutes of the session

• The false alarm rate gradual declines during the first ~25 minutes of the session.

• d’ peaks when the hit rate is still high, but the false alarm rate dips

• The hit rate and d’ fall off dramatically after ~46 minutes. This is likely due to the animal becoming sated and losing motivation to perform

Plot neural data, behavior, and stimulus information for a trial

Stimulus presentations

Lets look at the dataframe of stimulus presentations. This tells us the attributes of every stimulus that was shown in the session

stimulus_presentations = ophys_experiment.stimulus_presentations
stimulus_presentations.head()

	stimulus_block	stimulus_block_name	image_index	image_name	movie_frame_index	duration	start_time	end_time	start_frame	end_frame	is_change	is_image_novel	omitted	movie_repeat	flashes_since_change	trials_id	is_sham_change	stimulus_name	active
stimulus_presentations_id
0	0	initial_gray_screen_5min	-99	NaN	-99	309.019143	0.000000	309.019143	0	17986	False	<NA>	<NA>	-99	0	-99	False	spontaneous	False
1	1	change_detection_behavior	0	im065	-99	0.250200	309.019143	309.269343	17986	18001	False	False	False	-99	1	0	False	Natural_Images_Lum_Matched_set_training_2017	True
2	1	change_detection_behavior	0	im065	-99	0.250180	309.769753	310.019933	18031	18046	False	False	False	-99	2	0	False	Natural_Images_Lum_Matched_set_training_2017	True
3	1	change_detection_behavior	0	im065	-99	0.250200	310.520343	310.770543	18076	18091	False	False	False	-99	3	0	False	Natural_Images_Lum_Matched_set_training_2017	True
4	1	change_detection_behavior	0	im065	-99	0.250200	311.270953	311.521153	18121	18136	False	False	False	-99	4	0	False	Natural_Images_Lum_Matched_set_training_2017	True

To select information about stimuli in change detection behavior task only, we need to filter our table by stimulus block name.

stimulus_presentations = stimulus_presentations[stimulus_presentations.stimulus_block_name=='change_detection_behavior'].copy()

Note that there is an image name called ‘omitted’. This represents the time that a stimulus would have been shown, had it not been omitted from the regular stimulus cadence. They are included here for ease of analysis, but it’s important to note that they are not actually stimuli. They are the lack of expected stimuli.

stimulus_presentations.query('image_name == "omitted"').head()

	stimulus_block	stimulus_block_name	image_index	image_name	movie_frame_index	duration	start_time	end_time	start_frame	end_frame	is_change	is_image_novel	omitted	movie_repeat	flashes_since_change	trials_id	is_sham_change	stimulus_name	active
stimulus_presentations_id
17	1	change_detection_behavior	8	omitted	-99	0.25	321.028963	321.278963	18706	18721	False	<NA>	True	-99	11	3	False	Natural_Images_Lum_Matched_set_training_2017	True
25	1	change_detection_behavior	8	omitted	-99	0.25	327.033833	327.283833	19066	19081	False	<NA>	True	-99	3	3	False	Natural_Images_Lum_Matched_set_training_2017	True
37	1	change_detection_behavior	8	omitted	-99	0.25	336.057873	336.307873	19607	19622	False	<NA>	True	-99	3	4	False	Natural_Images_Lum_Matched_set_training_2017	True
63	1	change_detection_behavior	8	omitted	-99	0.25	355.573823	355.823823	20777	20792	False	<NA>	True	-99	4	7	False	Natural_Images_Lum_Matched_set_training_2017	True
66	1	change_detection_behavior	8	omitted	-99	0.25	357.825693	358.075693	20912	20927	False	<NA>	True	-99	6	8	False	Natural_Images_Lum_Matched_set_training_2017	True

Running speed

One entry for each read of the analog input line monitoring the encoder voltage, polled at ~60 Hz.

ophys_experiment.running_speed.head()

	timestamps	speed
0	8.97085	-0.027868
1	8.98751	0.056828
2	9.00421	0.121953
3	9.02091	0.154047
4	9.03756	0.148629

Licks

One entry for every detected lick onset time, assigned the time of the corresponding visual stimulus frame.

ophys_experiment.licks.head()

	timestamps	frame
0	10.88909	115
1	13.17429	252
2	13.25767	257
3	13.35777	263
4	13.47453	270

Eye tracking data

One entry containing ellipse fit parameters for the eye, pupil and corneal reflection for every frame of the eye tracking video stream.

ophys_experiment.eye_tracking.head()

	timestamps	cr_area	eye_area	pupil_area	likely_blink	pupil_area_raw	cr_area_raw	eye_area_raw	cr_center_x	cr_center_y	...	eye_center_x	eye_center_y	eye_width	eye_height	eye_phi	pupil_center_x	pupil_center_y	pupil_width	pupil_height	pupil_phi
frame
0	0.12895	120.778985	52646.046976	9467.868055	False	9467.868055	120.778985	52646.046976	304.855877	238.850452	...	321.614711	229.150072	148.455382	112.880766	-0.040543	284.593634	219.583658	54.897322	46.068901	-0.741087
1	0.15369	115.944914	52448.649649	10145.403510	False	10145.403510	115.944914	52448.649649	304.125448	240.159601	...	320.796911	229.198209	148.349421	112.537842	-0.036200	282.597206	216.890346	56.827654	43.674891	-0.650310
2	0.17215	120.194858	52110.324268	10430.167825	False	10430.167825	120.194858	52110.324268	304.436750	242.135068	...	319.853374	231.950317	148.468978	111.721867	-0.046359	283.692110	223.351216	47.981925	57.619663	0.643652
3	0.21069	112.516058	51693.903652	10825.284266	False	10825.284266	112.516058	51693.903652	304.122429	241.159250	...	321.063479	230.763062	148.371626	110.901802	-0.042321	282.785915	222.177822	46.984507	58.700894	0.606463
4	0.24880	112.314878	52186.596867	10278.561636	False	10278.561636	112.314878	52186.596867	304.529129	239.723128	...	321.497389	228.294415	148.304450	112.009517	-0.038966	283.189635	219.170357	47.385991	57.199369	0.654353

5 rows × 23 columns

Neural data as deltaF/F

One row per cell, with each containing an array of deltaF/F values.

ophys_experiment.dff_traces.head()

	cell_roi_id	dff
cell_specimen_id
1120118128	1115339979	[2.7728134118137593, 2.7377723001149357, 1.332...
1120118208	1115339983	[0.3466408785876189, 0.4530561213911281, 0.347...
1120118626	1115340014	[0.6086096210226783, 0.65493126738475, 0.73593...
1120118698	1115340017	[0.9173731088455804, 0.282220484734575, 0.3718...
1120118967	1115340030	[0.30710398969593, 0.44648909591684693, 0.0910...

We can convert the dff_traces to long-form (aka “tidy”) as follows:

def get_cell_timeseries_dict(dataset, cell_specimen_id):
    '''
    for a given cell_specimen ID, this function creates a dictionary with the following keys
    * timestamps: ophys timestamps
    * cell_roi_id
    * cell_specimen_id
    * dff
    This is useful for generating a tidy dataframe, which can enable easier plotting of timeseries data

    arguments:
        session object
        cell_specimen_id
    returns
        dict
    '''
    cell_dict = {
        'timestamps': dataset.ophys_timestamps,
        'cell_roi_id': [dataset.dff_traces.loc[cell_specimen_id]['cell_roi_id']] * len(dataset.ophys_timestamps),
        'cell_specimen_id': [cell_specimen_id] * len(dataset.ophys_timestamps),
        'dff': dataset.dff_traces.loc[cell_specimen_id]['dff'],

    }
    return cell_dict

ophys_experiment.tidy_dff_traces = pd.concat(
    [pd.DataFrame(get_cell_timeseries_dict(ophys_experiment, cell_specimen_id)) for cell_specimen_id in ophys_experiment.dff_traces.reset_index()['cell_specimen_id']]).reset_index(drop=True)

ophys_experiment.tidy_dff_traces.sample(5)

	timestamps	cell_roi_id	cell_specimen_id	dff
430740	4239.62011	1115340053	1120134575	0.089869
6711575	1266.16980	1115340580	1120133562	0.186147
4572603	4024.04204	1115340449	1120132573	-0.126489
5962321	3300.71198	1115340537	1120133228	0.005886
5288889	3412.94295	1115340491	1120132857	-0.183917

Plot all the data streams for different trial types

We can look at a few trial types in some detail

Define plotting functions

First define functions to plot the different data streams:

each stimulus as a colored vertical bar
running speed
licks/rewards
pupil area
neural responses (dF/F)

def add_image_colors(stimulus_presentations):
    '''
    Add a column to stimulus_presentations called 'color' with a unique color for each image in the session
    '''
    # gather image names but exclude image_name=='omitted'
    unique_stimuli = [stimulus for stimulus in stimulus_presentations['image_name'].unique() if stimulus != 'omitted']
    # assign a color for each unique stimulus
    colormap = {image_name: sns.color_palette()[image_number] for image_number, image_name in enumerate(np.sort(unique_stimuli))}
    colormap['omitted'] = [1, 1, 1] # assign white to omitted
    # add color column to stimulus presentations
    stimulus_presentations['color'] = stimulus_presentations['image_name'].map(lambda image_name: colormap[image_name])
    return stimulus_presentations


def plot_stimuli(trial, ax):
    '''
    plot stimuli as colored bars on specified axis
    '''
    stimuli = ophys_experiment.stimulus_presentations.query("stimulus_block_name == 'change_detection_behavior'").copy()
    stimuli = add_image_colors(stimuli)
    stimuli = stimuli[(stimuli.end_time >= trial['start_time'].values[0]) & 
                      (stimuli.start_time <= trial['stop_time'].values[0])]
    for idx, stimulus in stimuli.iterrows():
        ax.axvspan(stimulus['start_time'], stimulus['end_time'], color=stimulus['color'], alpha=0.5)
    return ax

        
def plot_running(trial, ax):
    '''
    plot running speed for trial on specified axes
    '''
    trial_running_speed = ophys_experiment.running_speed.copy()
    trial_running_speed = trial_running_speed[(trial_running_speed.timestamps >= trial['start_time'].values[0]) & 
                                              (trial_running_speed.timestamps <= trial['stop_time'].values[0])]
    ax.plot(trial_running_speed['timestamps'], trial_running_speed['speed'], color='black')
    ax.set_title('running speed')
    ax.set_ylabel('speed (cm/s)')
    return ax


def plot_licks(trial, ax):
    '''
    plot licks as black dots on specified axis
    '''
    trial_licks = ophys_experiment.licks.copy()
    trial_licks = trial_licks[(trial_licks.timestamps >= trial['start_time'].values[0]) & 
                              (trial_licks.timestamps <= trial['stop_time'].values[0])]
    ax.plot(trial_licks['timestamps'], np.zeros_like(trial_licks['timestamps']),
            marker = 'o', linestyle = 'none', color='black')
    return ax
    

def plot_rewards(trial, ax):
    '''
    plot rewards as blue diamonds on specified axis
    '''
    trial_rewards = ophys_experiment.rewards.copy()
    trial_rewards = trial_rewards[(trial_rewards.timestamps >= trial['start_time'].values[0]) & 
                                  (trial_rewards.timestamps <= trial['stop_time'].values[0])]
    ax.plot(trial_rewards['timestamps'], np.zeros_like(trial_rewards['timestamps']),
            marker = 'd', linestyle = 'none', color='blue', markersize = 10, alpha = 0.25)
    return ax
    

def plot_pupil(trial, ax):
    '''
    plot pupil area on specified axis
    '''
    trial_eye_tracking = ophys_experiment.eye_tracking.copy()
    trial_eye_tracking = trial_eye_tracking[(trial_eye_tracking.timestamps >= trial['start_time'].values[0]) &
                                            (trial_eye_tracking.timestamps <= trial['stop_time'].values[0])]
    ax.plot(trial_eye_tracking['timestamps'], trial_eye_tracking['pupil_area'], color='black')
    ax.set_title('pupil area')
    ax.set_ylabel('pupil area\n')
    return ax
    

def plot_dff(trial, ax):
    '''
    plot each cell's dff response for a given trial
    '''
    # get the tidy dataframe of dff traces we created earlier
    trial_dff_traces = ophys_experiment.tidy_dff_traces.copy()
    # filter to get this trial
    trial_dff_traces = trial_dff_traces[(trial_dff_traces.timestamps >= trial['start_time'].values[0]) & 
                                        (trial_dff_traces.timestamps <= trial['stop_time'].values[0])]
    # plot each cell
    for cell_specimen_id in ophys_experiment.tidy_dff_traces['cell_specimen_id'].unique():
        ax.plot(trial_dff_traces[trial_dff_traces.cell_specimen_id == cell_specimen_id]['timestamps'],
                trial_dff_traces[trial_dff_traces.cell_specimen_id == cell_specimen_id]['dff'])
        ax.set_title('deltaF/F responses')
        ax.set_ylabel('dF/F')
    return ax
    

def make_trial_plot(trial):
    '''
    combine all plots for a given trial
    '''
    fig, axes = plt.subplots(4, 1, figsize = (15, 8), sharex=True)

    for ax in axes:
        plot_stimuli(trial, ax)

    plot_running(trial, axes[0])

    plot_licks(trial, axes[1])
    plot_rewards(trial, axes[1])

    axes[1].set_title('licks and rewards')
    axes[1].set_yticks([])
    axes[1].legend(['licks','rewards'])

    plot_pupil(trial, axes[2])

    plot_dff(trial, axes[3])

    axes[3].set_xlabel('time in session (seconds)')
    fig.tight_layout()
    return fig, axes

Here is a hit trial

stimulus_presentations.columns

Index(['stimulus_block', 'stimulus_block_name', 'image_index', 'image_name',
       'movie_frame_index', 'duration', 'start_time', 'end_time',
       'start_frame', 'end_frame', 'is_change', 'is_image_novel', 'omitted',
       'movie_repeat', 'flashes_since_change', 'trials_id', 'is_sham_change',
       'stimulus_name', 'active'],
      dtype='object')

trials = ophys_experiment.trials.copy()
trial = trials[trials.hit==True].sample()
fig, axes = make_trial_plot(trial)

Notes:

• The image identity changed just after t = 2361 seconds (note the color change in the vertical spans)

• The animal was running steadily prior to the image change, then slowed to a stop after the change

• The first lick occurred about 500 ms after the change, and triggered an immediate reward

• The pupil area shows some missing data - these were points that were filtered out as outliers.

• There appears to be one neuron that was responding regularly to the stimulus prior to the change.

Here is a miss trial

trial = ophys_experiment.trials.query('miss').sample()
fig, axes = make_trial_plot(trial)

Notes:

• The image identity changed just after t = 824 seconds (note the color change in the vertical spans)

• The animal was running relatively steadily during the entire trial and did not slow after the stimulus identity change

• There were no licks or rewards on this trial

• The pupil area shows some missing data - these were points that were filtered out as outliers.

• One neuron had a large response just prior to the change, but none appear to be stimulus locked on this trial

Here is a false alarm trial

trial = ophys_experiment.trials.query('false_alarm').sample()
fig, axes = make_trial_plot(trial)

Notes:

• The image identity was consistent during the entire trial

• The animal slowed and licked partway through the trial

• There were no rewards on this trial

• The pupil area shows some missing data - these were points that were filtered out as outliers.

• There were not any neurons with obvious stimulus locked responses

And finally, a correct rejection

trial = ophys_experiment.trials.query('correct_reject').sample()
fig, axes = make_trial_plot(trial)

Notes:

• The image identity was consistent during the entire trial

• The animal did not slow or lick during this trial

• There were no rewards on this trial